Vulnerability report

Active exploitation observed Confirmed confidence In CISA KEV

CVE-2023-22527

Confluence Data Center Remote Code Execution

Atlassian / Confluence Data Center · affected before 8.5.4

Watch CVE-2023-22527 Browse KEV feed
Severity
CVSS 9.8 · Critical
Confidence
Confirmed
Exploit status
Observed in sensors
EPSS
100.0%
First observed
12 Jun 2026
Last observed
20 Oct 2026

Decision summary

What security teams need to know first

Direct answers before the deeper technical record.

What it is

CVE-2023-22527 is an unauthenticated vulnerability affecting Atlassian Confluence Data Center, Confluence Server. A template injection vulnerability on older versions of Confluence Data Center and Server allows an...

Is it exploited?

Yes. Previdian sensors observed exploitation attempts with confirmed confidence. Listed in CISA KEV. Also confirmed by third-party sources.

Who is affected?

Atlassian / Confluence Data Center affected before 8.5.4.

What should we do?

Patch immediately, validate internet-facing exposure, and monitor for matching requests.

Overview

Confluence Data Center Remote Code Execution

A template injection vulnerability on older versions of Confluence Data Center and Server allows an unauthenticated attacker to achieve RCE on an affected instance. Customers using an affected version must take immediate action.

Most recent supported versions of Confluence Data Center and Server are not affected by this vulnerability as it was ultimately mitigated during regular version updates. However, Atlassian recommends that customers take care to install the latest version to protect their instances from non-critical vulnerabilities outlined in Atlassian’s January Security Bulletin.

atlassian Affected
confluence_data_center
Before 8.5.4
atlassian Affected
confluence_server
Before 8.5.4
Atlassian Unaffected
Confluence Data Center
Before 8.0.0 >= 8.5.4 >= 8.6.0 >= 8.7.1
Atlassian Affected
Confluence Data Center
>= 8.0.0 >= 8.1.0 >= 8.2.0 >= 8.3.0 >= 8.4.0 >= 8.5.0 >= 8.5.1 >= 8.5.2 >= 8.5.3
Atlassian Unaffected
Confluence Server
Before 8.0.0 >= 8.5.4 >= 8.6.0
Atlassian Affected
Confluence Server
>= 8.0.0 >= 8.1.0 >= 8.2.0 >= 8.3.0 >= 8.4.0 >= 8.5.0 >= 8.5.1 >= 8.5.2 >= 8.5.3
Published
16 Jan 2024
Exploitation Reported
24 Jan 2024
Attack vector
Remote
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None

Tags

ransomware nuclei_scanner metasploit cisa malware

CVE References

Exploitation evidence

Why Previdian marks this CVE as exploited

Third-party attestation and first-party sensor observation are shown separately so teams can judge the evidence chain.

Exploited in the wild

CISA

Recorded 24 Jan 2024

A trusted third party reported exploitation.

Active exploitation observed

Previdian sensor

First observed 12 Jun 2026

Previdian first observed exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability in our honeypot sensors.

Used in malware

CISA

Recorded 24 Jan 2024

Malware families have been linked to exploitation of this CVE.

Proof of concept available

Recorded 28 Apr 2025

Public scanner or PoC coverage increases practical exploitability.

Known exploited vulnerability sources

Per-source evidence links for KEV attestations are available through the Previdian Pro API.

Learn about Pro API access
Source Added
CISA First 2024-01-24 00:00 UTC
The Shadowserver 2026-06-01 00:00 UTC
Previdian Sensors 2026-09-06 17:56 UTC

Operational indicators for this CVE are listed under Detection.

Sensor telemetry

First-party evidence of exploitation activity

Previdian sensors recorded exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability. The cards and chart show volume, unique attackers, and daily activity.

87

Attempts observed

27

Unique attacker IPs

11

Attacker countries

BG · CA · CH · DE · FR · IN · JP · KR · NL · US · YE

26

Sensors observed

CVE-2023-22527 exploitation attempts over the last 91 days

Daily events observed by Previdian sensors

Updated 21 Oct 2026

1
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0
0
0
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0
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0
0
0
0
0
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1
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0
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1
34
26
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
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0
0
0
0
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4
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1
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0
23 Jul 11 Aug 30 Aug 18 Sep 21 Oct

First observed 12 Jun 2026 · Last observed 20 Oct 2026

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Detection

Operational artifacts and observed signals

Make the evidence actionable in scanner, SOC, and edge-control workflows.

Observed signals

Request targets
User-Agents
Callback hosts
1
9
0

Request targets and User-Agents available in Pro. Callback host details available in Enterprise.

Virtual patch status

No Previdian virtual patch is currently available. Future rules ship for ModSecurity, Cloudflare, and AWS WAF.

Learn about virtual patches →

Attacker IP Indicators

Attacker IP indicators observed · available in Pro and Enterprise.

Sensor-derived attacker IP indicators are available to Pro and Enterprise accounts under Detection and through the Pro API.

Learn about Pro API access

Scanner Artifacts

Scanner and exploit-framework references linked to this CVE.

Scanner Reference Detected
Metasploit https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/multi/http/atlassian_confluence_rce_cve_2023_22527.rb 28 Apr 2025
Nuclei https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2023/CVE-2023-22527.yaml 25 Apr 2025

Risk and context

Severity, weaknesses, and research context

CVSS v3.1

9.8 Critical

Potential damage if exploited. Separate from whether attackers are using it.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS

100.0%

Estimated chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Previdian's warning comes from evidence, not this score.

Weaknesses

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') CWE-74

Recent mention · RecordedFuture

August 2026 CVE Landscape

In August 2026, Insikt Group® identified 73 high-impact vulnerabilities that should be prioritized for remediation, 43 of which had a Very Critical Recorded Future Risk Score. This represents a 14% decrease from last month.

Read full advisory

All CVSS Scores

CVSS v3.1 9.8 Critical

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.0 10.0 Critical

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Potential Proof of Concepts

These PoCs are unverified and could contain malware. Use at your own risk.

Atlassian Confluence - Remote Code Execution

nuclei · Created Unknown

atlassian_confluence_rce_cve_2023_22527

metasploit · Created Unknown

Metasploit module for CVE-2023-22527

Timeline

From disclosure to observed exploitation

  1. 00:33 UTC

    Indicators of compromise added (34)

    Indicators of compromise recorded

  2. 00:33 UTC

    Observed by Previdian sensors

    Evidence-backed exploitation signal

  3. 00:00 UTC

    KEV confirmed by The Shadowserver

    Exploitation attested by an external source

  4. 15:02 UTC

    Metasploit module available

    Exploit module available

  5. 15:02 UTC

    Public PoC available

    Public proof-of-concept code published

  6. 00:00 UTC

    Nuclei template available

    Scanner coverage available

  7. 00:00 UTC

    Added to CISA KEV

    Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog

  8. 00:00 UTC

    First public exploitation report

    Exploit observed in malware

  9. 05:00 UTC

    CVE published

    Vulnerability disclosed publicly

  10. 00:01 UTC

    CVE ID reserved

    Identifier reserved by the CNA

Pro API

Automate this intelligence

Confidence, exploit status, sensor telemetry, PoCs, scanner integrations, mentions, and tags are available programmatically for VM, SOC, and CTI workflows.

Start 14-day Pro trial Read API docs
  • Evidence confidence and provenance
  • First-party sensor telemetry
  • PoC and scanner references
  • Affected versions and enrichment
  • Automation-ready JSON delivery

GET /api/v2/pro/kevs/CVE-2023-22527

Sample API response 
{
  "cve_id": "CVE-2023-22527",
  "confidence": "Confirmed",
  "cvss_score": 9.8,
  "cvss_estimated": false,
  "epss_score": 0.99984,
  "exploit_status": {
    "exploited_in_the_wild": true,
    "active_exploitation_observed": true
  },
  "sensor_telemetry": { "attempts": 87, "sensors": 26 }
}