Is CVE-2023-25158 actively exploited?

Yes. Previdian tracks CVE-2023-25158 as a known exploited vulnerability. Confidence is high.

What exploitation activity has Previdian observed?

Previdian has not yet recorded sensor-observed exploitation attempts for CVE-2023-25158. Our sensors continue to monitor for activity targeting this CVE.

Which versions are affected?

CVE-2023-25158 affects geotools geotools. Reported affected versions include >= 28.0, < 28.2 and < 27.4.

No. CVE-2023-25158 is not currently listed in CISA KEV.

Vulnerability report

Exploited in the wild High confidence Not in CISA KEV

CVE-2023-25158

Q: How should organizations remediate it?

Prioritize remediation. Validate affected assets and apply vendor fixes on an accelerated timeline.

Q: Is it in CISA KEV?

No. CVE-2023-25158 is not currently listed in CISA KEV.

Unfiltered SQL Injection in Geotools

geotools / geotools · >= 28.0, < 28.2

View live feed Monitor via API Watch CVE

Severity: CVSS 9.8 · Critical
Confidence: High
Exploit status: Exploited in the wild
EPSS: 1.1%
First observed: —
Last observed: —

Decision summary

What security teams need to know first

Direct answers before the deeper technical record.

What it is

CVE-2023-25158 is an unauthenticated Unfiltered SQL Injection in Geotools. GeoTools is an open source Java library that provides tools for geospatial data. GeoTools includes support for OGC Filter expression language...

Is it exploited?

Yes. Previdian tracks this CVE as a known exploited vulnerability. Confidence is high.

Who is affected?

geotools / geotools >= 28.0, < 28.2.

What should we do?

Prioritize remediation. Validate affected assets and apply vendor fixes on an accelerated timeline.

Overview

GeoTools is an open source Java library that provides tools for geospatial data

GeoTools is an open source Java library that provides tools for geospatial data. GeoTools includes support for OGC Filter expression language parsing, encoding and execution against a range of datastore. SQL Injection Vulnerabilities have been found when executing OGC Filters with JDBCDataStore implementations.

Users are advised to upgrade to either version 27.4 or to 28.2 to resolve this issue. Users unable to upgrade may disable `encode functions` for PostGIS DataStores or enable `prepared statements` for JDBCDataStores as a partial mitigation.

Vendor Product Affected Status

geotools geotools >= 28.0, < 28.2 Affected

geotools geotools Before 27.4 Affected

Published: 21 Feb 2023
Exploitation Reported: 19 Aug 2026
Attack vector: Remote
Complexity: Low
Privileges: None
User interaction: None

CVE References

CVE Record CVE.org · CVE Record https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25158
https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m github.com · CVE Record https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc...
https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b github.com · CVE Record https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94...

Exploitation evidence

Why Previdian marks this CVE as exploited

Third-party attestation and first-party sensor observation are shown separately so teams can judge the evidence chain.

Exploited in the wild

The Shadowserver

Recorded 19 Aug 2026

Independent exploitation attestation added to the Previdian record.

Known exploited vulnerability sources

Per-source evidence links for KEV attestations are available through the Previdian Pro API.

Learn about Pro API access

Source	Added
The Shadowserver First	2026-08-19 00:00 UTC

Detection

Operational artifacts and observed signals

Make the evidence actionable in scanner, SOC, and edge-control workflows.

Observed signals

Request targets: 0
User-Agents: 0

Raw values available in Pro and Enterprise.

Scanner coverage

No scanner integrations recorded yet.

Virtual patch status

No Previdian virtual patch is currently available. Future rules ship for ModSecurity, Cloudflare, and AWS WAF.

Learn about virtual patches →

No detection artifacts or sensor request patterns are available for this CVE yet.

Check back as sensor telemetry and scanner integrations are updated.

Risk and context

Severity, weaknesses, and research context

CVSS v3.1

9.8 Critical

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS

1.1%

Weaknesses

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') CWE-89

Timeline

From disclosure to observed exploitation

19 Aug 2026
Added to Previdian KEV Feed

High-confidence, third-party attested exploitation
21 Feb 2023
CVE published

Vulnerability disclosed publicly
03 Feb 2023
CVE ID reserved

Identifier reserved by the CNA

Pro API

Automate this intelligence

Confidence, exploit status, sensor telemetry, PoCs, scanner integrations, mentions, and tags are available programmatically for VM, SOC, and CTI workflows.

View Pro pricing Read API docs

Evidence confidence and provenance
First-party sensor telemetry
PoC and scanner references
Affected versions and enrichment
Automation-ready JSON delivery

GET /api/v2/pro/kevs/CVE-2023-25158

Free JSON includes basic KEV fields

{
  "cve_id": "CVE-2023-25158",
  "confidence": "High",
  "cvss_score": 9.8,
  "cvss_estimated": false,
  "epss_score": 0.01095,
  "exploit_status": {
    "exploited_in_the_wild": true,
    "active_exploitation_observed": false
  },
  "sensor_telemetry": { "attempts": 0, "sensors": 0 }
}

Early warning alerts

Get alerts on high-impact exploitation

Receive curator-selected alerts when exploitation activity warrants attention. Each alert includes the evidence and context needed to decide what requires attention now.