Vulnerability report

Trusted Third Party Report Confirmed Confidence In CISA KEV

CVE-2025-31201

iOS and iPadOS

Apple / iOS and iPadOS · affected before 18.4.1

Watch CVE-2025-31201 Browse KEV feed
Severity
CVSS 6.8 · Medium
Confidence
Confirmed
Exploit status
Trusted Third Party Report
EPSS
14.0%
First observed
—
Last observed
—

Decision summary

What security teams need to know first

Direct answers before the deeper technical record.

What it is

CVE-2025-31201 is a vulnerability affecting Apple iOS and iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS. This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.

Have exploitation attempts been observed?

Yes. Exploitation attempts have been reported for this vulnerability. Previdian lists it as a known exploited vulnerability. Listed in CISA KEV. Confidence is confirmed.

Who is affected?

Affected products include Apple / iOS and iPadOS and 3 other products, including affected before 18.4.1, affected before 15.4.1, and affected before 2.4.1.

What should we do?

Prioritize remediation. Validate affected assets and apply vendor fixes on an accelerated timeline.

Overview

This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code

This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1.

An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.

Apple Affected
iOS and iPadOS
Before 18.4.1
Apple Affected
macOS
Before 15.4.1
Apple Affected
tvOS
Before 18.4.1
Apple Affected
visionOS
Before 2.4.1
Published
16 Apr 2025
Exploitation Attempts Reported
17 Apr 2025
Attack vector
Remote
Complexity
High
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None

Tags

cisa nessus_scanner macos ios

CVE References

Exploitation evidence

Evidence of exploitation attempts

Third-party attestation and first-party sensor observation are shown separately so teams can judge the evidence chain.

Exploitation Attempts Observed in the Wild

CISA

Recorded 17 Apr 2025

A trusted third party reported exploitation attempts.

Known exploited vulnerability sources

Per-source evidence links for KEV attestations are available through the Previdian Pro API.

Learn about Pro API access
Source Added
CISA First 2025-04-17 00:00 UTC

Detection

Operational artifacts and observed signals

Make the evidence actionable in scanner, SOC, and edge-control workflows.

Virtual patch status

No Previdian virtual patch is currently available. Future rules ship for ModSecurity, Cloudflare, and AWS WAF.

Learn about virtual patches →

Scanner Artifacts

Scanner and exploit-framework references linked to this CVE.

Scanner Reference Detected
Nessus https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/234506 02 Jun 2025

Risk and context

Severity, weaknesses, and research context

CVSS v3.1

6.8 Medium

Potential damage if exploited. Separate from whether attackers are using it.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

EPSS

14.0%

Estimated chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Previdian's warning comes from evidence, not this score.

Weaknesses

Insufficient Granularity of Access Control CWE-1220

Timeline

From disclosure to observed exploitation attempts

  1. 09:25 UTC

    Nessus plugin available

    Scanner coverage available

  2. 00:00 UTC

    Added to CISA KEV

    Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog

  3. 18:24 UTC

    CVE published

    Vulnerability disclosed publicly

  4. 16:13 UTC

    CVE ID reserved

    Identifier reserved by the CNA

Pro API

Automate this intelligence

Confidence, exploit status, sensor telemetry, PoCs, scanner integrations, mentions, and tags are available programmatically for VM, SOC, and CTI workflows.

Start 14-day Pro trial Read API docs
  • Evidence confidence and provenance
  • First-party sensor telemetry
  • PoC and scanner references
  • Affected versions and enrichment
  • Automation-ready JSON delivery

GET /api/v2/pro/kevs/CVE-2025-31201

Sample API response 
{
  "cve_id": "CVE-2025-31201",
  "confidence": "Confirmed",
  "cvss_score": 6.8,
  "cvss_estimated": false,
  "epss_score": 0.13973,
  "exploit_status": {
    "exploited_in_the_wild": true,
    "active_exploitation_observed": false
  },
  "sensor_telemetry": { "attempts": 0, "sensors": 0 }
}